What are Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry for NEET & JEE Aspirants

Organic Chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of compounds containing carbon atoms. Organic Chemistry is given a higher weightage in the CBSE Syllabus, and it is simple to get good grades in Organic Chemistry. To completely understand and ace your exams one must need to get into the depth and must focus on all the points, Below I have mentioned 10 important named reactions in organic chemistry that you will find helpful in your upcoming exams.

What is the phenomenon of Name reactions in organic chemistry?

The core of the subject is present in Name Reactions, Chemical formulae, Structures, and Numerical Problems. Let’s understand the phenomenon of Name reactions

A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances (reactants) combine/ react with each other to form one or more products.

Reactants———–Products

Name Reaction: A name reaction is a reaction that has given a name after the name of a person who discovered it. The name given to these reactions are mnemonics. These name reactions are crucial for any student preparing for the CBSE Boards, JEE main exam, or NEET. The main problem with these reactions is that they can’t be learned via rote learning. To fully comprehend the name reaction and its applications, one needs to understand the mechanism underlying these reactions.

Best Books For Name reactions in organic chemistry

Before we go further, we would like to add- don’t try to rote learn Organic Chemistry, you’ll fail, miserably. It’s good if you clear your basic concepts first. And to grasp the basic concepts, refer to the NCERT NEET Books and develop better understanding by practicing from NCERT at your Fingertips . The combination of both will lend a crystal-clear understanding of each and every NCERT concept.  You can also refer to Interactive Organic Chemistry book. It is designed to provide a blend of theoretical clarity on all the topic of Organic Chemistry along with optimum number of solved examples, flow charts and practice exercises.

Learn complete reaction mechanism throughly for better understanding from MTG’s Reaction Mechanism book. It gives step by step illustration of reactions process of each and every name reactions given in NCERT syllabus.

Related Article: How To Read NCERT Books For NEET Exam 2022 – 5 Powerful Learning Hacks

10 Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry | NEET, and JEE

Now coming to the top 10 Important Name Reactions which every NEET and JEE aspirants should know, here we go:

1. Aldol condensation
2. Clemmensen reduction
3. Crossed aldol condensation
4. Cannizzaro reaction
5. Etard reaction
6. Friedel—Crafts alkylation
7. Friedel—Crafts acylation
8. Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
9. Haloform reaction
10. Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction (HVZ reaction – Halogenation)

1. Aldol condensation

Two molecules of aldehydes or ketones having a-hydrogen condense together in presence of base [dil. NaOH, Na₂CO₃, Ba(OH)₂] to form b-hydroxyaldehyde or b-hydroxyketone respectively which are collectively known as aldol.

2. Clemmensen reduction

In this method, aldehydes and ketones are reduced with Zn – Hg amalgam and conc. HCl.

3. Crossed aldol condensation

Aldol condensation of different molecules of aldehydes or ketones or one of aldehyde and one of ketone is known as crossed aldol condensation. Crossed aldol condensation yields a mixture of different products.

4. Cannizzaro reaction

It is a self-oxidation-reduction reaction in which aldehydes that do not have any a-hydrogen atom undergo disproportionation reaction (i.e., self-redox reaction) in the presence of 50% aqueous or ethanolic solution of alkali in which one of the molecule being reduced to alcohol and other being oxidised to the salt of corresponding acid.

5. Etard reaction

Aromatic hydrocarbons on treatment with mild oxidizing agents such as chromyl chloride CrO₂Cl₂ yield aldehydes.

6. Friedel—Crafts alkylation

Simple aromatic hydrocarbons can be converted to substituted hydrocarbons by reaction with alkyl halide in presence of Lewis acid like AlCl₃ or FeCl₃, etc.

 

    7. Friedel—Crafts acylation

Acid anhydrides on reaction with benzene in presence of Lewis acid such as anhydrous AlCl₃ give acylated benzene and thus yields aromatic ketones.

 

8. Gabriel phthalimide synthesis

Phthalimide on reaction with caustic potash forms potassium phthalimide which on treatment with alkyl halide gives N-alkyl phthalimide. This N-alkyl phthalimide on hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid yields primary amines.

9. Haloform reaction

Methyl ketones on oxidation with sodium hypohalite (NaOX i.e. NaOH + X₂) yield haloform along with sodium salt of carboxylic acid with one carbon atom less than the starting ketone.

10. Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction

(HVZ reaction – Halogenation)

Aliphatic carboxylic acids on reaction with bromine or chlorine in presence of small amount of red phosphorous produce a-haloacids.

 

MTG’s NEET Exam Books has plenty of Chemistry Resources which are housed with lucid and vivid content that you will not find complex concepts any difficult to understand and learn. Recommended and appreciated for its quality and authenticity, MTG’s resources must be your companion to make big in NEET/JEE/Boards Exams.
All the best and may the force be with you! 

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